سُورَةُ العَادِيَاتِ
100 : 6147
بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ وَٱلْعَٰدِيَٰتِ ضَبْحًۭا
Oh, the chargers that run panting,
100 : 6148
فَٱلْمُورِيَٰتِ قَدْحًۭا
sparks of fire striking,
100 : 6149
فَٱلْمُغِيرَٰتِ صُبْحًۭا
rushing to assault at morn,
100 : 6150
فَأَثَرْنَ بِهِۦ نَقْعًۭا
thereby raising clouds of dust,
100 : 6151
فَوَسَطْنَ بِهِۦ جَمْعًا
thereby storming [blindly] into any host!
100 : 6152
إِنَّ ٱلْإِنسَٰنَ لِرَبِّهِۦ لَكَنُودٌۭ
VERILY, towards his Sustainer man is most ungrateful
100 : 6153
وَإِنَّهُۥ عَلَىٰ ذَٰلِكَ لَشَهِيدٌۭ
and to this, behold, he [himself] bears witness indeed:
100 : 6154
وَإِنَّهُۥ لِحُبِّ ٱلْخَيْرِ لَشَدِيدٌ
for, verily, to the love of wealth is he most ardently devoted.
100 : 6155
۞ أَفَلَا يَعْلَمُ إِذَا بُعْثِرَ مَا فِى ٱلْقُبُورِ
But does he not know that [on the Last Day,] when all that is in the graves is raised and brought out,
100 : 6156
وَحُصِّلَ مَا فِى ٱلصُّدُورِ
and all that is [hidden] in men’s hearts is bared
100 : 6157
إِنَّ رَبَّهُم بِهِمْ يَوْمَئِذٍۢ لَّخَبِيرٌۢ
that on that Day their Sustainer [will show that He] has always been fully aware of them?
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Tafsir Surah Al-‘Adiyah (the Runners) Tafsir Ibn Kathir
In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
1.
وَالْعَادِيَاتِ ضَبْحًا
By the `Adiyat (steeds), snorting.
2.
فَالْمُورِيَاتِ قَدْحًا
Striking sparks of fire.
3.
فَالْمُغِيرَاتِ صُبْحًا
And scouring to the raid at dawn.
4.
فَأَثَرْنَ بِهِ نَقْعًا
And raise the dust in clouds the while.
5.
فَوَسَطْنَ بِهِ جَمْعًا
And penetrating forthwith as one into the midst.
6.
إِنَّ الْإِنْسَانَ لِرَبِّهِ لَكَنُودٌ
Verily, man is ungrateful to his Lord.
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7.
وَإِنَّهُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ لَشَهِيدٌ
And to that He bears witness.
8.
وَإِنَّهُ لِحُبِّ الْخَيْرِ لَشَدِيدٌ
And verily, he is violent in the love of wealth.
9.
أَفَلَا يَعْلَمُ إِذَا بُعْثِرَ مَا فِي الْقُبُورِ
Knows he not that when the contents of the graves are poured forth.
10.
وَحُصِّلَ مَا فِي الصُّدُورِ
And that which is in the breasts shall be made known.
11.
إِنَّ رَبَّهُمْ بِهِمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ لَخَبِيرٌ
Verily, that Day their Lord will be Well-Acquainted with them.
Swearing by the Horses of War about the Ungratefulness of Man and His Zeal for Wealth
Allah swears
وَالْعَادِيَاتِ ضَبْحًا ﴿١﴾
By the `Adiyat (steeds), snorting.
Allah swears by the horses when they are made to gallop into battle in His path (i.e., Jihad), and thus they run and pant, which is the sound that is heard from the horse when it runs.
فَالْمُورِيَاتِ قَدْحًا ﴿٢﴾
Striking sparks of fire.
meaning, the striking of their hooves on the rocks, which causes sparks of fire to fly from them.
فَالْمُغِيرَاتِ صُبْحًا ﴿٣﴾
And scouring to the raid at dawn.
meaning, the raid that is carried out in the early morning time.
This is just as the Messenger of Allah used to perform raids in the early morning. He would wait to see if he heard the Adhan (call to prayer) from the people. If he heard it he would leave them alone, and if he didn’t hear it he would attack.
Then Allah says,
فَأَثَرْنَ بِهِ نَقْعًا ﴿٤﴾
And raise the dust in clouds the while.
meaning, dust at the place of the battle with the horses.
فَوَسَطْنَ بِهِ جَمْعًا ﴿٥﴾
And penetrating forthwith as one into the midst.
means, then are all in the middle of that spot, together.
Allah’s saying; فَالْمُغِيرَاتِ صُبْحًا(And scouring to the raid at dawn), Ibn Abbas, Mujahid and Qatadah, all said,
“This means the invasion of the horses in the morning in the way of Allah.”
And His statement, فَأَثَرْنَ بِهِ نَقْعًا (And raise the dust in clouds the while),
This is the place in which the attack takes place. The dust is stirred up by it.
And His statement, فَوَسَطْنَ بِهِ جَمْعًا (And penetrating forthwith as one into the midst), Al-Awfi narrated from Ibn Abbas, Ata, Ikrimah, Qatadah and Ad-Dahhak that they all said,
“This means into the midst of the disbelieving enemy.”
Concerning Allah’s statement,
إِنَّ الْإِنسَانَ لِرَبِّهِ لَكَنُودٌ ﴿٦﴾
Verily, man is ungrateful لَكَنُودٌ (Kanud) to his Lord.
This is the subject what is being sworn about, and it means that he (man) is ungrateful for the favors of His Lord and he rejects them.
Ibn Abbas, Mujahid, Ibrahim An-Nakhai, Abu Al-Jawza, Abu Al-Aliyah, Abu Ad-Duha, Said bin Jubayr, Muhammad bin Qays, Ad-Dahhak, Al-Hasan, Qatadah, Ar-Rabi bin Anas and Ibn Zayd all said,
“لَكَنُودٌ Al-Kanud means ungrateful.”
Al-Hasan said,
“لَكَنُودٌ Al-Kanud is the one who counts the calamities (that befall him) and he forgets Allah’s favors.”
Concerning Allah’s statement,
وَإِنَّهُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ لَشَهِيدٌ ﴿٧﴾
And to that He bears witness.
Qatadah and Sufyan Ath-Thawri both said,
“And indeed Allah is a witness to that.”
It is also possible that the pronoun (He) could be referring to man. This was said by Muhammad bin Ka`b Al-Qurazi. Thus, its meaning would be that man is a witness himself to the fact that he is ungrateful.
This is obvious in his condition, meaning this is apparent from his statements and deeds.
Hint: Discover the rewards of those who are content with what they have in Surah At-Takathur Translation, a powerful reminder of Allah’s blessings.
This is as Allah says,
مَا كَانَ لِلْمُشْرِكِينَ أَن يَعْمُرُواْ مَسَاجِدَ الله شَـهِدِينَ عَلَى أَنفُسِهِم بِالْكُفْرِ
It is not for the idolators, to maintain the Masajid (Mosques) of Allah, while they witness disbelief against themselves. (9:17)
Allah said;
وَإِنَّهُ لِحُبِّ الْخَيْرِ لَشَدِيدٌ ﴿٨﴾
And verily, he is violent in the love of wealth.
meaning, and indeed in his love of the good, which is wealth, he is severe.
There are two opinions concerning this.
One of them is that it means that he is severe in his love of wealth.
The other view is that it means he is covetous and stingy due to the love of wealth.
However, both views are correct.
The Threat about the Hereafter
Then Allah encourages abstinence from worldly things and striving for the Hereafter, and He informs of what the situation will be after this present condition, and what man will face of horrors.
He says,
أَفَلَا يَعْلَمُ إِذَا بُعْثِرَ مَا فِي الْقُبُورِ ﴿٩﴾
Knows he not that when the contents of the graves are poured forth,
meaning, the dead that are in it will be brought out.
وَحُصِّلَ مَا فِي الصُّدُورِ ﴿١٠﴾
And that which is in the breasts shall be made known,
Ibn Abbas and others have said,
“This means what was in their souls would be exposed and made apparent.”
إِنَّ رَبَّهُم بِهِمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ لَّخَبِيرٌ ﴿١١﴾
Verily, that Day their Lord will be Well-Acquainted with them.
meaning, He knows all of that they used to do, and He will compensate them for it with the most deserving reward. He does not do even the slightest amount of injustice.
This is the end of the Tafsir of Surah Al-`Adiyat, and all praise and thanks are due to Allah.
Hint: Learn about the fate of those who are prepared and unprepared for the Day of Judgment in Surah Al-Qari’ah Translation, a powerful reminder of Allah’s justice.
