Surah Ad-Duha is the 93rd chapter of the Quran. It’s a relatively short surah, consisting of 11 verses, which makes it perfect for beginners who can find difficulty approaching longer surahs. In Arabic, Ad-Duha literally means “the forenoon”, or “ the brightness of the morning”. It’s the period of early morning; after dawn, and before noon or ‘Duhr’. In Islam, Ad-Duha also refers to one of the sunnah prayers made during the time after which it’s named.
Despite being a short surah, Ad-Duha holds many lessons, significance, and comfort to the heart and mind of the reader. Mindfully reading has the effect of soothing the Muslim believer and inspiring optimism in his or her heart.
Let’s find out more about this surah, focusing on the benefits one derives each time he or she recites it:
Benefits of reciting and Reading Surah Duha
Easing psychological turmoil
The first benefit of Ad-Duha lies in its purpose, which is reassurance. As mentioned above, one can’t fathom the amount of assurance that befell the Prophet when the surah was revealed to him amidst times of psychological turmoil. Similarly, this effect shall befall any believer going through sad times, that Allah the Almighty is always there, all-knowing of his people’s sorrows. It manifests the profound therapeutic power of the Quran in aiding the people both internally and externally; it’s to say that “you’re not alone”
Establishing a community based on charity
When Allah helps a person, He urges him to be charitable. If he is blessed with money or knowledge, he or she should circulate this goodness to the people in need. In so doing, the Muslim community is charitable, anti-material, and people-centered. Allah promises multiplied rewards to his generous believers..
Special inclusion of orphans
In our present world, how much do we care about orphans? An orphan is usually stigmatized, outcasted, and typically believed to lead a lonely and sad life, lacking support due to the absence of parents.
According to UNICEF, almost 10,000 children become orphans every day. This has been documented in a 2020 report by iNSAMER.
Orphans are mentioned in the Quran 23 times. One of those is in surah Ad-Duha for the sake of reminding the Prophet that he is an orphan, protected and sheltered by Allah, and for this reason, he shall be most considerate and loving towards them. This emphasis on orphans is telling of the inclusivity of Islam of social outcasts. In an ideal Muslim community, an orphan is dealt with kindness from everyone, which urges one to imagine how the world would be like if more people followed Allah’s teachings when it comes to orphans.
“You are not alone”
Amid the challenges of dunya, one can get caught up in a cycle of despair. It’s inevitable, especially in our contemporary world. But, there comes the role of the Quranic verses. Ad-Duha has the effect of snapping you out of this cycle, reminding believers of the consistent, unchanging presence and support of Allah.
Significance of Surah Ad-Duha
Several significances need to be addressed, they exist beyond the comforting purpose of the surah to the Prophet.
Allah soothing Prophet’s Fears
What’s greater than being addressed by Allah, in his own words as an answer to one’s doubts or fears? The first 4 verses leave no room for doubt, they’re a clear and direct reassurance that beats any past or future doubts.
“Your Lord ˹O Prophet˺ has not abandoned you, nor has He become hateful ˹of you˺.(93:3) And the next life is certainly far better for you than this one.” (93:4).
Worldly pain is temporary
Starting from the third verse, the surah states that the Hereafter is where comfort, happiness, ease of living, and reward are to be found. It reassures us that both worldly pleasure and pain are temporary. It urges believers to endure when they are on the verge of giving up or getting consumed by doubts.
“And the next life is certainly far better for you than this one. (93: 4) And ˹surely˺ your Lord will give so much to you that you will be pleased.” (93:5)
Reliance on Allah is always rewarded
Starting from the fifth verse, the surah indicates that reliance on Allah is never wasted because He guides to the right path whomever, and is capable of delivering countless wishes.
“And ˹surely˺ your Lord will give so much to you that you will be pleased.” (93:5)
Muslim’s responsibility towards his community
Verses 9 and 10 feature advice that gives us an idea of how a Muslim should treat other people. Firstly comes the help of the needy, especially orphans who should be treated with consideration and kindness.
“So do not oppress the orphan,” (93:9) “nor repulse the beggar.”(93:10)
Showing gratitude to Allah
Finally, the surah ends with a reminder to acknowledge the immense blessings of Allah. As a continuation of comforting the prophet, Allah proceeds to remind Him of his blessings like taking care of him as an orphan and guiding Him to the right path. Similarly, believers tend to forget blessings or take them for granted. This verse serves as a reality check.
“And proclaim the blessings of your Lord.” (93:11)
Why was surah ad-Duha revealed?
The surah was revealed after a pause in the revelation that lasted for six months, this pause is also known as “fatra”. It caused significant emotional and psychological turmoil for the Prophet (peace be upon him) during which he had suspicions whether Allah was displeased with him. That depression heightened when nonbelievers mocked the Prophet saying Allah had given up on him.
What is the story behind Surah Duha?
The Surah was revealed in Mecca, making it a Meccan Surah For more context on Meccan Surahs,( you can explore what is makki and madni surah). It is believed to have been revealed after a period of silence from the Angel Gabriel (Jibreel), which led the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) to experience feelings of distress and concern. The Prophet wondered if he had displeased Allah (SWT) or if the revelations had ceased.
The Message of the Surah
The Surah begins with oaths by the morning light (Duha) and the night when it settles (Sajaa), serving as divine affirmations of Allah’s presence and the continuity of revelation. The Surah then proceeds to reassure the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) that he has not been forsaken by Allah and that the hereafter will be better for him than the present life. It also reminds him of the blessings he has received, such as guidance and sustenance, and instructs him to be kind to the orphan and to proclaim the blessings of Allah.
Spiritual and Psychological Significance
The Surah serves multiple purposes:
- Reassurance: It provided much-needed comfort and reassurance to the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) during a time of emotional and spiritual distress.or more on the psychological benefits of Quranic recitation, see our article on Quran memorization
- Universal Message: Beyond its immediate context, the Surah offers a timeless message of hope, resilience, and gratitude that is applicable to all believers, especially those going through difficult times.
- Ethical Guidelines: The Surah also lays down ethical principles, such as caring for orphans and acknowledging the blessings one has received, which are universal and ever-relevant.
Interpretative Lessons
- Divine Consistency: The Surah emphasizes that Allah’s guidance is continuous and consistent, even when it may not seem apparent.
- Gratitude and Optimism: It encourages believers to adopt an attitude of gratitude and optimism, recognizing that current hardships are temporary and that Allah’s mercy is everlasting.
